The Royal Exhibition Building (REB) was built to host the Melbourne International Exhibition as part of the World's Fair in 1880, which was the first time it had been held in the Southern Hemisphere. The REB would go on to host the Fair again in 1888, this time as the Melbourne Centennial International Exhibition. At the 1888 Exhibition, the building housed the largest installation of arc lighting in the world - making this the first International Exhibition to be open at night.
Throughout it's 140+ year history, the Royal Exhibition Building has seen many uses. In 1901, it was the venue for the opening of Australian Parliament; in 1919 it was converted to an influenza hospital through the Spanish Influenza epidemic. It has hosted sports for the Summer Olympics; the RAAF during World War 2; and served as a Migrant Reception Centre following WW2.
Today it still plays host to various International Exhibits and important functions.